小学英语总复习
小学英语介词总结
介词（Preposition）
一、 概述
介词是英语中很活跃的词，一般置于名词之前。它常和名词或名词性词语构成介词短语。同一个介词常和不同的词语搭配形成固定搭配，表示不同意义。
二、 常用介词的基本用法
1、at 
①表示时间： I go to school at seven every day 我每天早上7点去上学。
②表示在某一具体地点： He is standing at the bus stop 他站在公共汽车站。
③表示动作的方向、目标： Let me have a look at the picture 让我看看这幅图。
④用于某些固定搭配： at once 立刻、马上   at last 最后
 at the same time 同时  at first 开始时
 not at all 一点也不
 
2、about 
①表示大约时间： It’s about six o'clock now. 现在大约6点钟了。
②表示地点；在……周围 Everything about me is so beautiful 我周围的一切都那么美好。 ③关于，对于： We are talking about the news. 我们正在谈论新闻。
 
3、after 
①在……之后： After dinner I watch TV. 晚饭后我看电视。
②在……后面： He came into the room after me. 他在我后面进了房间。
 
4、behind 
①在……之后： There is a bike behind the tree. 树后有一辆自行车
②比……晚，迟于： The train is behind time. 火车晚点了
 
5、by 
①在……旁： He is sitting by the bed. 他正坐在床边。
②到……时候： We have learned three English songs by now. 到现在为止，我们已经学会了三首英文歌曲。
③以……方式： I go to school by bus. 我乘公共汽车去上学。
④用于某些固定搭配： one by one  一个接一个 by the way  顺便说一句
 
6、for 
①为，给，替： I'll make a card for my teacher. 我要给老师做张卡片。
②由于： Thank you for helping me. 谢谢你帮我。
③表示给（某人）用的： There is letter for you. 这儿有你一封信。
 
8、in 
①在……里面： The pencil is in the desk. 铅笔在课桌里。
②在一段时间里： We have four classes in the morning. 我们上午有四节课。
③用，以： What's this in English? 这用英语怎么说？
④在某一年份，季节，月份： in 2002, in spring, in January
⑤表示状态，服饰： Helen is in yellow. 海伦身穿黄色衣服。
⑥在……方面： He is weak in English. 他的英语不行。
⑦用于某些固定搭配： in front of   在……前面
 in the end   最后
 in time     及时
 
9、like 
①像……样： He looks like his father. 他像他的父亲。
②这样，那样： Don't look at me like that. 别那样看着我。
③怎样： What's the weather like? 天气怎样。
 
10、near 
靠近，在……附近： My bed is near the window. 我的床在窗户旁。
 
11、of 
①的（表示所属关系）： This is a photo of my family. 这是一张我家的照片。
②……的（用于所有格）： He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。
③表示数量（与连词连用）： One of us is from Beijing. 我们中有一个来自北京
④想到，谈到： I often think of them. 我常常想到他们。
⑤用于某些固定搭配： of course    当然
 because of   因为，由于
 
12、on 
①在……上面： There are some apple on the tree. 树上有些苹果。
②在（星期）天，在某天的上午（下午，晚上）： They go to English class on Sunday. 星期天他们去上英语课。
 I left Beijing on the morning of May 1. 我在5月1日早上离开北京。
③用于某些固定搭配： on duty   值日    on time  准时
 
13、over 
①在……正上方： There is a lamp over the table. 桌子上方有一盏灯。
②遍及，穿过： There is a bridge over the river. 有座桥横跨那条河。
③超过，不止： She is a little over 2. 她两岁多了。
 
14、to 
①到，往，向： He walks to the window. 他走向窗户。
②表示时间、数量，
   到……为止 Please count from ten to thirty. 请从10数到30.
③向，对，给： Happy New Year to you all. 大家新年好。
 
15、under 
 What's under your desk? 你书桌底下是什么？
 
16、with 
①和，写： Could you go home with me? 你能和我一起回家吗？
②表示伴随状态，带有： Who's that girl with glasses? 那位戴眼睛的女孩是谁？
三、 介词的固定搭配
1)介词和名词的连用                        2)动词和介词的连用
① 、at 
arrive at/in 到达                           be good at 善于     
at first 起初；开始                         get off 下车
at last 最后                               help sb. With sth. 帮组某人做某事
at school 在上课，在上学                  ask for 请求
at the moment 此刻                       get up 起床
at home 在家；无拘束                     laugh at 嘲笑
at present 现在                           learn from 向……学习
at work 上班，在工作                      look after 照顾
at the same time 同时                      look for 寻找
                                          think for 想到
②、on                                   worry about 担心
on duty 值日                              listen to 听
on holiday 度假                           look at 看；注视
on time 准时                              talk about 交谈；谈
on the left/right 在左/右边                   wait for 等候；等
on the radio 在广播中                      thank for 为……而感谢
on foot 步行 
on sale 出售；降价出售
3)形容词和介词连用
on TV 在电视上播放                          be afraid of 害怕
on the phone 在电话中                        be careful with 小心；关心
on the way 在路上                            be interested in 对……感兴趣
  3). on后常接某日，星期几，某日或某周日的朝夕，节日,及有修饰语修饰的下午、晚上等。如：
on Sunday （星期日），on a warm morning in April （四月的一个温暖的上午），on a December night （12月的一个夜晚），on that afternoon （那天下午），on the following night （下一个晚上），on Christmas afternoon （圣诞节下午），on October 1，1949 （1949年10月1日），on New Year’s Day （新年），on New Year’s Eve （除夕），on the morning of the 15th （15                                       be proud of 感到自豪
  ③、 in
in all 总体                                    be crazy about 酷爱
in class 在课堂上                               be late for 干某事迟到
in English 用英语                             be good for 对……有利
in short 总之 4）其他
in a hurry 匆忙地                              by+交通工具
in the end 最后                       by bus/train/plane/air/ship/bike/sea/land…
in bed 躺在床上                      lots of/a lot of 许多，大量
in danger 在危险中                       at most 至多
in fact 事实上                             at least 至少
in time 及时地                          at once 立刻；马上
in a minute 立刻                        in order to 为了
日的早上）等。
用介词或副词填空
　①He is good ________ swimming.
　②Tom gets ________ at seven every morning.
　③ ________ Sunday morning, he played football with his friends.
　④What’s wrong ________ you?
　There is something wrong ________ my back.
　⑤He often helps me ________ my English.
　⑥It’s time ________ breakfast.
　⑦Can you sing a song ________ English?
　⑧He looks ________ his father.
　⑨Please listen ________ me carefully.
　⑩It’s too cold. Don’t take ________ your coat.　　 ?
　2．介词填空
　　①  Tony is ________ Canada.
　　②  What is the name ________ the factory?
　　③  Betty is English. What ________ you？
　　④  Who’s the woman ________ the black dress？
　　⑤  Where do you come ________?
　　⑥  She looks ________ her father.
　　⑦  Do the students stay ________ home ________ Saturday？
　　⑧  My mother cut the cake ________ a knife .
　　⑨  The meeting ended ________ 6 p.m.
⑩  We’ll play football ________ class.
3、单项选择
1，We went to the country_________ a very cold morning.
A. at            B. in        C. on         D. of
2,China lies_______ the east of Asia and_______ the north of Australia.
A. to; to         B. in; to     C. to; in     D. in; on
3, I didn't go to the park with my classmates, because my mother asked
me to_______ my little sister at home.
A. look after    B. look at   C. look for   D. look like
4, If you are able to get the tickets tomorrow, please tell me_____ phone.
 A. at      B. by      C. on       D. through
5, Lyon wanted to be a soldier and his dream came true_______ November
25th，2008.
A. in      B. during    C. on         D. at
6,My father usually comes back from work_______ 6：30_______ the evening.
A. in; on         B. in; at     C. on; in      D. at; in
7, This kind of machine was widely used_________ the 1960s.
A. in            B. for       C. at         D. on
8,I've never seen such a scary film________ my life
A. by            B. at        C. on         D. in
                             阅读理解（A）
A man was walking through(穿过) a forest. He had a few caps in his hands. In the forest there were a lot of monkeys. The day was hot, so he decided to have a rest under a tree. He put one cap on his head and lay down to sleep(躺下睡觉).?? When he woke up, he couldn’t find his caps. “Where are my caps?” he cried and looked up. He saw some monkeys in the trees. Each had a cap on its head.?? “Give me back my caps!” shouted(叫喊) the man to the monkeys. But the monkeys didn’t understand(理解) him. They only jumped, laughed and danced.“How can I get back my caps?” he thought hard. In the end he had an idea. He took off his cap and threw(扔) it on the ground. The little animals did the same thing. Happily the man picked up all the caps and went on his way.?(??? )1.One day a man was going __________.A.to the forest?????????????? B. through the forestC.to a village??????????????? D. through the city? (??? )2.The man decided to have a rest because _________.A.he was hungry???????????? B.he was tiredC.the day was hot???????????? D.he was ill?(??? )3.When the man woke up____________.A.he found his caps were gone?? B.he saw a foxC.he had a fever????????????? D.he found many monkeys?(??? )4.The man wanted to get his caps back, and he shouted to the monkeys,but it didn’t work. Why?A.?Because the monkeys wanted to laugh at him.B.?Because the monkeys wanted to wear the caps.C.?Because the monkeys didn’t understand him.D.?Because the monkeys didn’t hear what he shouted.?(??? )5.The man was ______when he got all his caps back.A.?angry（生气的）B.surprised（惊奇的）C.sad（悲伤的）?? D.pleased（高兴的）
                                ( B )
    Do you know there are two kinds of football games? One is American football, and the other is soccer. In China many young men like playing soccer. It is very popular. But the Chinese don’t call it soccer. We call it football. There are eleven players on a team. And the ball is round. Only the goalkeeper can touch the ball with his hands. The other players can’t touch the ball with their hands.In American, soccer is not very popular. They like playing American football. It is very different. The ball is not round. It likes a big egg. There are also eleven players on a team. All the players can touch the ball with feet and hands.(?   )1. How many kinds of football games are there????? A. Three?? B. Two?? C.?? Four(?   )2. Do the Chinese like playing soccer???? A. Yes, they do.    B.? No. they don’t.      C. Yes, I do.(?   )3. What do the American people like very much?    A. playing American football.    B. Playing soccer.    C. Watching TV.(?   )4. How many players are there on a soccer team?    A. Eight .??  B. twenty-two.?            C. Eleven(?   )5. Who can touch the ball with his hands in American football?   A. Only the goalkeeper?      B. Some of the players            C. All the players(?    ) 6. What’s the shape of the soccer?    A.?Round.?   B. Egg.??   C. Oval.