2014中考英语二轮复习
非谓语动词
名师导航
1．动词不定式作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语、定语、状语
   的用法。
2．动名词的用法。
3．现在分词和过去分词的用法。
考点梳理
考点一  动词不定式
动词不定式的构成： to＋动词原形(有些动词不定式需要不带to)。它没有人称和数的变化；在句中不能作谓语，但能保持动词的特点。
1．作主语
常用it作形式主语，将真正的主语(动词不定式)置于句末。常用句型结构为“It's＋adj./n.＋(for/of sb)＋to do sth.”如：
To ask the teacher for help is necessary.
＝It is necessary to ask the teacher for help.
向老师求教是必要的。
2．作宾语
(1)后接不定式作宾语的动词有： want, try, decide, hope, need, wish, agree, expect, refuse, learn，remember, forget, would like/love等。如：www-2-1-cnjy-com
I hope __________ there before dark.
我希望天黑以前到那儿。
(2)在think, find, make等动词后通常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式移至形容词之后，构成“主语＋动词＋it(形式宾语)＋宾补(形容词/名词)＋不定式”结构。如：www.21-cn-jy.com
I found it difficult to solve the problem.
我发现解决这个问题很难。
3．作宾语补足语
(1)后面能接带to的不定式作宾补的动词有： tell, ask, allow, want, help, wish, teach, warn, invite, like, encourage等。如：
The teacher told us __________ Exercise 1.
老师要我们做练习一。
(2)在使役动词let, make, have和感官动词see，hear, watch, notice, feel, find等后要用不带to的动词不定式作宾补。但是，当上述动词变为被动语态后，其后的不定式必须补上to。如：
We often hear her sing. 我们经常听见她唱歌。
→被动语态： She is often heard to sing.
她常被听见唱歌。
4．作状语
不定式作状语，常见的有目的状语、原因状语、结果状语等。
Later he left home to work in different cities.
后来他离开家到不同的城市工作。
5．作定语(须后置)
I don't have a partner to practice English with.
我没有一个一起练习英语的同伴。
6．作表语
Their duty is ______       ____ the animals.
他们的职责是照看动物。
7. “疑问词＋不定式”结构
动词不定式可以和疑问词what, which, when, where, how等连用，构成不定式短语，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等。如：21·世纪*教育网
He doesn't know ________________.
他不知道要穿什么。(作宾语)
Where to go has not been decided.
要去哪里还未决定。(作主语)
[提醒] 动词不定式的否定结构是： not to do sth。
【即时训练】
1.【2013黑龙江绥化】14. Remember ________ off the lights when you leave the room, please.[育出版网]　　21*cnjy*com
         A. to turn            B. turning                   C. turn
2.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】20. It takes me half an hour          the piano every day.
          A. play               B. playing               C. to play
3.【2013湖北随州】34. —What did your teacher say this morning?[来@源:中国教育*出
—She told us ______ make faces in class.
to not    B. not to    C. do not   D. didn't
4.【2013四川凉山】32.When you move somewhere new, the first thing for you is to find a place      .21*cnjy*com
A. to live    B. living in    C. to live in
5.【2013浙江舟山、嘉兴】24. —I’m new here.
   —Don’t worry. I’ll do what I can ________ you.
   A. help  B. to help   C. invite   D. to invite
6.【2013山东泰安】30. —Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? 【出处：21教育名师】
   —_______ abroad for further study.
   A. Go  B. Gone  C. To go  D. Goes
7.【2013山东青岛】15. — Excuse me. Could you please tell me ______ my car?
—Sure. Park it right here. I’ll help you.
A. how to stop B. where to park           C. where to stop      D. when to park
8.【2013 甘肃白银】59. The little boy pretended _______ when his mother came in.
      A. sleeping      B. asleep     C. to asleep     D. to be asleep
9.【2013 甘肃白银】57. ——George was heard _______ just now. What happened?
   ——People was telling a joke.
      A. to cry      B. cry     C. to laugh     D. laugh[中~国&︿教育出%版网@]
10.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】27. Animals are our close friends. We are supposed          them.
          A. to protect        B. protecting          C. protect21·cn·jy·com
考点二  动名词
1．作主语(谓语动词用第三人称单数形式)
Playing computer games too much is bad for your eyes.过度地玩电脑游戏对你的眼睛有害。
2．作宾语
常接动名词作宾语的动词或短语有： enjoy, finish, consider, miss, keep, mind, practice, suggest, be busy, feel like, give up, can't help, look forward to等。
Have you finished __________ the book?你读完这本书了吗？
3．作表语
One of my duties is ________ letters.   我的职责之一是打信件。
4．作定语
There are two girls ________ on the stage.有两个女孩在台上跳舞。版权所有
[提醒] (1)有些词既可接不定式又可接动名词形式作宾语，但表达的意义不同，常见的有：
   stop to do sth 停下来去做另外一件事
   stop doing sth 停止做某事
   try to do sth 试图/企图做某事
   try doing sth 尝试着做某事
forget to do sth 忘记要去做某事(还没做)
forget doing sth 忘记做过了某事(已做)
(2)有些动词后需要跟动名词，而不能跟不定式形式。常见的有：  consider, enjoy, excuse, face, finish, forgive, give up, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, practise, suggest 等。
【即时训练】
1.【2013黑龙江齐齐哈尔】23. The Great Green Wall can stop the wind and sand          to the rich land in the south of China.21教育网
          A. move              B. to move           C. from moving
2.【2013 湖南衡阳】25. —Laura enjoys            story books.[来源:#中︿&国教育*出
   —Me, too.
    A. reading       B. read         C. to read
3.【2013湖南娄底】26. —Would you mind_________ the window? It's very hot.
   —No, not at all.[来源%#:@中教&︿网]
  A. open               B. to open          C. opening2-1-c-n-j-y
4.【2013湖南益阳】28.You look too tired. Why not______a rest?[来&@源:中国教育出%#
A. stop to have B. to stop having C. stop having
5.【2013湖南益阳】35. He used to _____in a small village, but now he has been used to ____in a big city.21教育名师原创作品
A. live; living    B. live; live   C. living; living
6.【2013四川广安】29．— I’m looking forward to _____my parents soon. What about you?[中︿@%教育&出~版网]— Me too．
A. seeing            B. see           C. saw[来源:*&中国教~#育出版网@]
7.【2013四川内江】39. Our English teacher often says to us, “____ English well is very important”
A. Learn   B. Learning   C. Learned   D. To learning
8.【2013湖南邵阳】25. — What about       a rest?[来#︿&源*:@中教网]
   —Let's go for a walk.
A. to take        B. take             C. taking[来源&:中教︿@*#网]
9.【2013江苏无锡】9. Don’t throw away the waste paper. It needs           so that it can be reused.
A. to destroy  B. destroying  C. to collect D. collecting
10.【2013湖北襄阳】38. —Driving less, walking more is good for our health.
—So I'd rather      an hour's walk to work than consider        a car.
A. take, drive B. take, to drive C. take, driving D. taking, driving
考点三  分词
分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。现在分词v.－ing，有主动、进行之意；过去分词v.－ed，有被动、完成之意。2·1·c·n·j·y
1．作定语
China is a ___     _____ country. America is a  ________ country.
中国是一个发展中国家，美国是一个发达国家。
I know the boy called Li Ming.
我认识那个叫李明的男孩。
2．作表语
The book is interesting. I'm interested in it.
这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
3．作宾语补足语
(1)现在分词常用在see, watch, hear, feel, find, get, keep, notice, have 等动词后面，作宾语补足语。如：
They kept me waiting for a long time.
他们让我等了很久。
(2)在see, hear, feel, watch, notice 等词后，既可用现在分词作宾语补足语，也可以用省略 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。两者的区别：用现在分词时，表示动作正在发生或进行；用不定式时，表示动作已经发生，动作的过程已经结束。
I saw him go upstairs.
我看见他上楼了。(看见他上楼的整个过程)
I saw him going upstairs.
我看见他正在上楼。(看见他正在向楼上走去)
【即时训练】
1.【2013山东莱芜】31. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji.【来源：21cnj*y.co*m】
A. do             B. did          C. doing          D. are doing
2.【2013黑龙江绥化】17. He wants to have his TV ________.【来源：21·世纪·教育·网】
 A. repairing            B. repaired                   C. to repair
3.【2013贵州安顺】16. He often drinks two cups of ______ water when he comes back.[来@源:中教︿网%&~]
    A. boiling           B. boil         C. boiled      D. boils
4.【2013贵州安顺】19. “Who’s the boy in white T-shirt _____ under the tree?” “My friend.”
    A. stand       B. to stand       C. stood     D. standing
5.【2013山东莱芜】31. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people ________ Chinese Taiji.
A. do             B. did          C. doing          D. are doing
考点过关
I.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．It's very nice of you ___ _____(help) me.
2．He's interested in ________(play) chess.
3．Please stop ____  ____ (smoke). It's bad for you.
4．The kids had fun ______ (swim) in the water.
5．She didn't know which sweater ___ _____(choose)．
6．We decided _____  ___(visit) the Great Wall.
7．I'd like you ________ (go) shopping with me.
8．Why not ________ (join) an English club to practice ________ (speak) English?
9．As we all know, it's impolite to keep others ________ (wait) for a long time.
10．My computer doesn't work. I must have it ________  (repair)．21cnjy.com
11．They spent two hours ________ (clean) the classroom.
12．John used to ________(get) up late, but now he's used to ________ (get) up early.
II.单选题
1.【2013哈尔滨】25. Vocabulary is important to language learning. Therefore, you’d better try different ways you can think of ______ words and expressions.
A. remember         B. to remember         C. remembering
2.【2013江苏淮安】12. At times, parents find it difficult ________ with their teenage children.
A. talk    B. talked   C. talking    D. to talk
3.【2013湖北黄石】( D ) 29. Seeing their teacher _______ into the classroom, they stopped _______ at once.
A. walk; telling      B. entering; to speak       
C. enter; to tell       D. walking; talking
4.【2013湖北孝感】33. —What a heavy rain!
   —So it is. I prefer ______ rather than ____ on such a rainy day.
  A. to go out; stay at home    B. to stay at home; go out
  C. going out; stay at home      D. staying at home ; go out
5.【2013重庆】38．He lost his key．It made him _____in the cold to wait for his wife’s return．
A．to stay       B stayed       C．stays     D．stay
参考答案
考点一1-5ACBCB  6-10CBDCA
考点二1-5CACAA   6-10ABCDC
考点三1-5CBCDC
考点过关
I.用所给词的适当形式填空
1.to help  2.playing  3.to smoke  4.swimming  5.to choose  6.to visit  7.to go  8.join speaking   9.waiting  10.repaired  11.cleaning  12.get  getting【版权所有：21教育】
II.单选题  1-5BDBBD