1.Present Perfect Tense
2.Present Perfect Continuous Tense
M2U1
Grammar & usage
Ⅰ、现在完成时
  1.现在完成时的构成
  2.现在完成时的用法
Ⅱ、现在完成进行时
  1.现在完成进行时的构成
  2.现在完成进行时的用法
Ⅲ、现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较
现在完成时和现在完成进行时的基本用法
1.现在完成时的构成：
主动式:have/has done

被动式:have/has been done

1.现在完成时
We ___________________(already   open) the window.
 过去的动作:  we opened the window.
 对现在的影响:   The window is open.
have already opened
2.现在完成时的用法
The boys are tired. They ________________
(just play) a ball game.
过去的动作 : The boys played a ball  game.
对现在的影响: The boys are tired.
 have just played
现在完成时表示过去发生或已完成的动作，或某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。通常与表示包括现在在内的时间副词just, already, before, yet, never, ever, lately, recently等状语连用。
小结：
现在完成时用法1---已完成、影响性用法  
already:用于肯定句;
yet:用于否定和疑问句
 Daniel __________ (live) in Beijing
   since he came to China.
has lived
      

            

came
现在完成时表示过去已经开始，持续到现在,也许还会持续下去的动作或状态。可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在（包括现在在内）的一段时间的状语连用。如：
① for和since，
② so far, up to now, today, until/till…, this 
     week (month, year)
③ during /over /in the past few years (weeks,
      months…)
现在完成时用法2---未完成用法
小结：
Fill in the blanks:
①.  
a. She has learnt English            3 years.
b. She has learnt English            3 years ago.
c. They have lived here _____1990.
for
since
since
② I                           (see) her so far.
③ What _________________ (happen) to
      the USA in the past 35 years?
haven’t seen
has happened
Since 的补充用法
A.主句+since+从句
Great changes have taken place since you left.

B. It is +时间段+ since+从句
It is / has been two years since I left my
    hometown.
b. It was /had been two years since I had left 
    my hometown.
c. It is years since I smoked .
d. It is years since I began to smoke .
 I went to Egypt in 1986.
 I went to Egypt in 2004.
 I __________ (be) to Egypt twice.
 have been
现在完成时可过去发生过一次或多次的情况，也可以说是一种经历。
现在完成时用法3---经验性用法
I                        （not see）
  anything so beautiful in my life.
haven’t seen
小结：
√
    (    )  1. He has come here.
    (    )  2. He has come here for 3 days.
    (    )  3. He hasn’t come here for 3 days.
    (    )  4. He has stayed here for 3 days.
    (    )  5. He has been away for 3 days.
√
现在完成时知识扩展一
?
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与现在完成时有关的句型:
1)This (That/It) is the first (second…) time + that-clause
    This is the first time that I _________ (see) pandas

2 )This (That/It) is the only time … + that-clause
    It is the only time that I_____________ (travel )abroad.

3)This (That/It) is the best/ finest /most interesting … +
   that-clause.
    It is the most delicious food that I ___________(taste)
have seen
have traveled
have tasted
现在完成时知识扩展二
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Unit 1
Grammar & usage
 The boy started having dinner five minutes ago. He is still having dinner now.
  The boy ________________    (have) dinner since five minutes ago.

 has been having
1.现在完成进行时
The man started working  in the field half an hour ago. He is still working now.
The man _________________ (work) in the field for half an hour.
  has been working
现在完成进行时的构成：

have/has been doing
现在完成进行时用法1
现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到现在并有可能持续下去.
CCTV has been broadcasting English programs since 1984.           
broadcasted
broadcast
broadcast
小结：
现在完成进行时用法2:
现在完成进行时表示过去的动作持续到说话时刚结束。
Mavis started waiting .
Kelly arrives.
Kelly:   Sorry I’m late. Have you been waiting long?
Mavis:  Yes. I’ve been waiting for an hour.
wait
小结：
 3.现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较
Tom __________  (read) a book about Stonehenge.
   (She finished reading the book.)

Tom ________________ (read) a book about Stonehenge. 
   (She is still reading the book.)

 has read
 has been reading
比较一：
      

            

did
      

            

did
1.
2.
I _________________(travel) to Beijing three times.

I ___________________(travel)  in Beijing for 3 days.
 have travelled
比较二：
 have been travelling
__________have you been swimming in 
   the lake?
__________have you swum in the lake?
A. How long
B. How many times
比较三：
A
B
1.She has had the pen for 2 years.

2.She has written many compositions with
this pen.

3.She has been writing compositions with
this pen.
state verb
action verb
action verb
比较四：
    (    )  1.I have never visited America.
    (    )  2.I have already been to America
    (    )  3.I have never been visiting America
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比较五：
比较六：
Who has been eating my apples?

Who has eaten my apples?
（带有感情色彩）
（不带有感情色彩，只是陈述某事情）
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